homebrew-core has one Ruby file per package formula, and every brew update used to clone or fetch the whole repository until it got large enough that GitHub explicitly asked them to stop. Homebrew 4.0 switched to downloading a JSON file over HTTP, because users wanted the current state of a package rather than its commit history. But updating a formula still means opening a pull request against homebrew-core, because git is where the collaboration tooling lives. Instead of using git as a database, what if you used a database as a git?
The common pattern across all of these seems to be filesystem and network ACLs enforced by the OS, not a separate kernel or hardware boundary. A determined attacker who already has code execution on your machine could potentially bypass Seatbelt or Landlock restrictions through privilege escalation. But that is not the threat model. The threat is an AI agent that is mostly helpful but occasionally careless or confused, and you want guardrails that catch the common failure modes - reading credentials it should not see, making network calls it should not make, writing to paths outside the project.
，更多细节参见safew官方下载
Science & Environment。搜狗输入法2026对此有专业解读
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